The maintenance of material saved in memory is called __________. A. Processing B. Retrieval C. Storage D. Encoding?

Distributed processing is the situation where multiple computers are doing different tasks throughout an organization. Batch processing is when a computer performs the same operation on a group of files at once. Multiprocessing means simultaneous processing within a single computer using several processors. 

• Retrieval

Retrieval is the process of accessing information from memory or other storage devices such as hard drives, CDs, DVDs, memory sticks and on-board memory.

• Storage

Storage is where digital data is held. It can refer to devices such as CDs, DVDs, hard drives and memory sticks. It can also refer to memory chips within the machine but not to main memory which is a temporary workspace.

• Encoding

Encoding is when the computer turns data in to a symbolic form. It is what the machine must to to turn all kinds of information in to something it recognizes and can store.   

So the answer to your question really depends on the definition of maintenance. If we take that to be a general term then performing any kind of work on data in memory is surely processing.