It's a genetic mutation of the red blood cells that cause them to "bend." The cells are shaped like a sickle, hence the name sickle cell. These cells because of their shape clog capillaries and prevent flow causing poor circulation and a higher risk of stroke, organ damage and bacterial infections. The only real known drug at this time for sickle cell is Hydroxyurea which also carries a lot of side effects with it. However it does not "cure" sickle cell. The FDA as of October 2014 is in early and late stage clinical trials to hopefully market a better working drug for this awful disease.
